indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to take a bath; to have a bath; to take a shower
as usual; as always; as before; as ever; still
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
being concentrated on one thing; devoting oneself completely to something
remainder; remnant; the rest; what is left; balance; leftovers
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to be submerged; to be soaked; to be pickled; to be well seasoned; to be totally immersed (in a condition, e.g. laziness)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to enjoy; to take pleasure in; to have a good time; to look forward to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
leaving (on, open, unfinished, etc.); (doing) continuously; constantly; keep ...-ing
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
to stand up; to get up; to recover; to regain one's energy; to (stand up and) take action; to rise up (against); to rise (from a crouch) and make the initial charge
what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called
imposing stance; daunting pose
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
candid advice; frank advice; honest opinion; exhortation; harsh but honest advice