indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to face; to go towards; to head towards
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
remote region; outlying district; border district; frontier
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
wild; growing wild; living in the wild; (arch.) I; (arch.) me
demon; devil; evil spirit; monster; goblin; apparition
rampancy; prevalence; domination
wasteland; wilderness; abandoned land; devastated land
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
beyond that point; after that
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
class of demons; demonic race; family of demons
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
intelligence; intellect; brains
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
general term; generic name
same kind; same sort; same species; same race; homogeneity
excluding; except (for); apart from; outside (a boundary, scope, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
group; crowd; flock; herd; bevy; school
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of