indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
remote region; frontier (district); border(land)
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wild; growing wild; living in the wild; (arch.) I
demon; devil; evil spirit; monster; goblin; apparition
rampancy; prevalence; domination
wasteland; wilderness; abandoned land; devastated land
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
beyond that point; after that
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
class of demons; demonic race; family of demons
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
intelligence; intellect; brains
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
general term; generic name
same kind (race); homogeneousness
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
group; crowd; flock; herd; bevy; school
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of