end; conclusion; last; final; no sooner than; once
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
graduation ceremony; commencement
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
showy; brilliant; gorgeous; florid; gay
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to be tired of waiting; to wait impatiently
sponsor; promoter; impresario; organizer; organiser
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
on a stage; on a platform; on an altar
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
handsome; shapely; clean-cut (features); decent; proper; correct
color of honey (colour); honey-colored; honey-coloured
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
blue; azure; green; pale; gray; unripe
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to imagine; to picture; to figure; to see
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine