for generations; hereditary; generation after generation
predecessor; pioneer; ancestor
to make use of aizuchi; to back-channel; to throw in interjections to show that one is paying attention
self-recommendation; self-nomination; putting oneself forward
to excuse oneself; to take one's leave; to quit; to resign; to decline; to turn down
change; conversion; transformation; transformation
candidacy; standing as a candidate; bidding (to host an event, e.g. the Olympics)
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
exemption; exoneration; discharge
official business; public business
compatibility; coexistence; standing together
possible; potential; practicable; feasible
major premise (in a syllogism); important condition; basic premise; something that should be obvious to all; something that should not have to be argued
to open one's mouth (to talk); to (start to) tell
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
counter for choices, options, etc.
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
laying the groundwork; behind-the-scenes maneuvering; consensus-building process; digging around the roots of a tree (before transplanting)
arranged; taken care of; settled; completed; finished
followers; subordinates; being under someone's command
one's own judgement (judgment); decision made without consulting others; arbitrary decision; dogmatism
nevertheless; at any rate; even so; all things considered; be that as it may
green light; (giving) permission; OK
proof; evidence; certificate; license; to testify (usu. Christian religious context); enlightenment
to touch; to come in contact with; to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to receive (news); to get; to encounter
to get involved or entangled in; to get mixed up in; to have something to do with; to have dealings with
thinking; thought; idea; notion; intention; plan
study; diligence; discount; reduction
guarantee; security; assurance; pledge; warranty
exaggerated; extravagant; overdone
how; in what way; how (much); to what extent; however (much); no matter how
next term; next period; next version; next release
older brother; elder brother
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise
advantage; benefit; merit; good point; plus
sale; selling; selling point; gimmick; seller; vendor
tone of command; authoritative tone; commanding tone
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
brave; valiant; gallant; stirring; vigorous; rousing