indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
royal castle; imperial castle
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
to crawl out of; to creep out of
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
January; first month of the lunar calendar
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
basin (e.g. between mountains)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to follow; to come along with one; to accompany
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
knee; lap; knee and thigh (while sitting)
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to breathe while sleeping
while; during; while; although; all; both