indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to close up; to shut up (e.g. behind doors); to cut off (e.g. because a deadline has expired); to close off (e.g. subscription list)
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
dimly; faintly; absentmindedly; vacantly; idly; aimlessly
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
ceiling; ceiling (e.g. of share price); ceiling price
to stare (at); to gaze (at); to look hard (at); to watch intently; to fix one's eyes (on)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
what time; (lit.) which hour
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
throat; singing voice; gutter (inner margins of a book)
parched; dried-up; empty; hollow; rattling; clattering
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to do physical exercise; to be physically active; (lit.) to move one's body
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
(in a) long time; long time (ago); while (ago); long ago; long while (ago); (in a) long while
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
to fall fast asleep; to be confined to one's bed; to be laid up
physical condition; state of health; shape
unusual event; strange occurrence; strange phenomenon; something abnormal; change (for the worse); accident
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
meeting; conference; session; assembly; council; convention
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
after a short time; in a short while; a short time later
generation of heat; (attack of) fever; pyrexia
in one go; in one gulp; in one breath; suddenly; all of a sudden; all at once
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
sluggish; languid; listless; bothersome; tiresome; pain-in-the-ass