house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
outward appearance; exterior appearance; outward show; looks
plain; simple; reserved (behaviour, attitude, etc.); modest; quite; a (little) bit
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
interior design; interior; upholstery
luxurious and gorgeous; splendid; dazzling
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
wainscoting; wainscotting; wood paneling
delicate; minute; fine; detailed; subtle
work; workmanship; craftsmanship; artifice; trick; device
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to border; to fringe; to hem; to edge
seat (esp. in public places or places with assigned seating); seating
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)
texture (cloth, fabric, paper); feel; appearance
floor; stage (for the narrator and the shamisen player); dining platform built across a river
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
oscillation; vibration; swing (e.g. of a pendulum)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme
to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down; to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.)
superior; first-class; excellent; (that's) just fine!; bring it on!
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
name; given name; first name
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to address (someone) without using a suffix such as "-san" or "-chan"; to refer to (someone) without a title suffix
to show (someone) out; to see (someone) off; to forward; to dispatch (goods); to push (one's opponent) out of the ring from behind
moment; instant; just then; right at that moment; for a moment; for an instant
wife; garnish (esp. one served with sashimi); trimmings; accompaniment; side (remark)