search; lookup; hunt; (item of) research; exploration; investigation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
choosing a site (e.g. for industry); deciding on a location; standpoint; position
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
ridge of earth between rice fields; ridge between grooves in threshold or lintel; footpath between rice fields; causeway
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
number one; first; best; most; game; round
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
master; Your lordship; My lord; husband
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Saturday; earth; dirt; land; lands; earth (third of the five elements)
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
foundation; base; basis; from the beginning; from the outset; by nature
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
construction; architecture (of buildings)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
fish pen; holding pond; fish tank; live well; live-box
work; operation; manufacturing; fatigue duty
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
not only ... (but also); not just; as well as
manual or physical labor; manual or physical labour
to join; to be put together; to combine; to unite; to fit; to close (e.g. of a wound)
stamina; endurance; physical strength; strength of an organization (e.g. profitability, productivity, economic clout, stability, growth potential)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very