elite bureaucrat; high government official; high-ranking bureaucrat; senior government official
public servant; government official
quotient; dealing; dealer; second degree (of the Japanese and Chinese pentatonic scale); Shang dynasty (China, approx. 1600-1046 BCE); Yin dynasty
nucleus; backbone; medium-level; mid-level; main body (of troops); crack troops
shogunal vassal; direct retainer of a shogun
detached territory; enclave; exclave; scattered landholdings
town originally built around a temple or shrine
strength; solidity; firmness; armour; armor
all; whole; entire; complete (set); in total
commercial and industrial men
self-government; autonomy; local (governmental) autonomy
Rinzai school of Zen Buddhism
to spread; to be propagated
class; level; stratum; layer; hierarchy
establishment; foundation
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
degree of difficulty; difficulty level
shallow; superficial; slight (wound); light (sleep); short (time); early
bhava (becoming, existence)
suddenly; all of a sudden; abruptly
more; much more; step; rung; paragraph; passage
to look down on; to condescend
town planning; urban development; community development; creating a community
a matter of course; what is to be expected; par for the course
group; bunch; crowd; group
exposure of a severed head
how much; how many; however
killing two birds with one stone
estrangement; alienation; disaffection
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
ruffian; villain; peculiar person; idiosyncratic person; tricky thing; something that is more than it seems
bowing one's head (in respect or worship); worship; respectfully yours
to be renewed; to change; to be improved; to be reformed; to stand on ceremony; to be formal
mooncake; disc-shaped confection of wheat-flour dough filled with bean paste, usu. eaten during Autumn in China
first Sanskrit alphabet letter; Africa; Awa (old province of Japan); (arch.) prefixed to names to show intimacy
benevolence (esp. as a virtue of Confucianism); consideration; human; kernel; nucleolus