school building; schoolhouse
first floor; ground floor; one floor; one storey; one rank
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
by the way; incidentally; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
by myself; in person; by oneself
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
to hurt; to injure; to harm; to damage; to worry; to bother
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
time; hour; period; class
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to swell (from inflammation); to become swollen
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
wall; partition; barrier; obstacle; Chinese "Wall" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
burden; load; responsibility; bearing (a cost, responsibility, etc.); shouldering
to soften; to moderate; to relieve
Mt.; Mount; (fig.) Mt.; (fig.) Mount
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
being in one's room (office, etc.)
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
in terms of both ... and ...; from the perspective of ... as well as ...; whether it be ... or ...
alone; by oneself; on one's own
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top