at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
class; order; et cetera; etc.; equal; iso-
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
thirteen; 13; king (playing card)
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
department; section; course (of study); branch of study; (taxonomical) family
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
sorcery; black magic; netherworld; world outside the six realms where evil spirits roam
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
superior; excellent; brilliant; outstanding
woman; female; feminine gender
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
older brother; elder brother
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
leader of a delegation (body, party)
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
certainly; surely; undoubtedly; just; precisely; exactly
to be blessed with; to be rich in; to abound in
lineage; stock; descent; strain; blood relationship
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as