indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
what is to be done?; what should (I) do?; what (am I) to do?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be worried; to be troubled
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to attach; to join; to furnish (a house with); to wear; to put on; to keep a diary; to make an entry
to pass (by) each other; to brush past; to miss (meeting) each other; to fail to meet; to be at odds; to clash
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
sense; idea; desire; concern; attention; care
to feel; to sense; to experience
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; city; municipal; urban
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
influence; clout; leverage
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
for now; for the time being; for the present; though not quite satisfactorily; after a fashion
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to recall; to remember; to recollect
to abandon; to fail; to desert; to forsake
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...