indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
to declare; to assert; to say bluntly; to say straight out
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
large number (of); many; majority
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
candidate; contender; prospect; candidacy; candidature; nomination
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to yearn for; to long for; to follow (someone); to idolize (for virtue, learning, status, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to overflow; to brim over; to flood
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to make a mistake; to be incorrect; to be mistaken
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
thoughtless; inconsiderate; tasteless; cruel
to be wounded; to get injured; to get hurt feelings; to get damaged; to get chipped
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
attacking a fleeing enemy; additional attack on a weakened enemy; additional blow to an already unfortunate situation
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
kind; gentle; considerate; generous; friendly; nice
to do for (someone); to take in; to deceive; to hoodwink