September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; season; period; phase; stage
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
suspension of business; temporary closure (of a store, school, etc.); shutdown; holiday
height of; middle of; full bloom
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be indelibly stained or ingrained; to be dyed in deeply
university student; college student
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
model; pattern; paragon; exemplar
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
having enough of (food, drink, etc.); having one's fill; fully enjoying
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to wake up; to rouse out of bed; to knock on the door and wake someone
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to be angry; to resent; to be enraged; to be indignant
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it is not (like that) either
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
serious; earnest; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)
expression; look; countenance; face
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to urge; to encourage; to press; to stimulate (e.g. growth); to hasten (e.g. development); to quicken
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
pressure; stress; pressure (e.g. political); coercion; arm-twisting