period of poor employment opportunities; job drought; (lit.) employment ice age
world; society; people; the public
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
depression; recession; slump
raging waves; stormy seas; hardships; troubles; adversities
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
without omission; in full
to gulp down; to swallow deeply; to understand; to take in; to engulf; to swallow up
unofficial offer (esp. job offer); tentative decision
zero; 0; nought; nothing; zilch
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
certain; unmistaken; evident; obvious; beyond doubt
reality; actuality; hard fact
it is assuredly (that)...; can say with confidence that it is...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be found; to be discovered
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
parent; parents; dealer (in cards, mahjong, etc.); banker; founder; inventor; (pet) owner
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
regular employee; permanent employee; full-time employee
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to live; to make a living; to get on with
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
marriage partner; spouse; wife-to-be; husband-to-be; future spouse
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight