indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to serve; to work for; to attend
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
considerably; greatly; a lot
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
poor; needy; lacking (quantity and quality-wise); poor; scanty
rural area; countryside; the sticks; hometown
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
(not) well; (not) properly; (not) enough; (not) sufficiently; (not) satisfactorily; (not) decently
awareness of things around one; ability to understand what is going on around oneself; judgment; judgement; discretion
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
live-in domestic service; live-in apprenticeship; public duty; public service
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
to drain; to pour; to wash away; to distribute (e.g. electricity over wires, music over a PA system, etc.); to circulate; to cruise (e.g. taxi); to float
as (e.g. "do as one is told", "as we age we gain wisdom"); wherever (e.g. "wherever my fancy took me")
every place; various places
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
moving from place to place; being passed around repeatedly; rolling about
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
originally; essentially; naturally; in the first place; to begin with
to talk; to chat; to chatter
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
poor (at); weak (in); not very good (at); not one's cup of tea; not one's favorite
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to make matters worse; besides; what's more; in addition; on top of that
(outward) looks; features; face; countenance; expression
tough; hard; determined; strong-minded; strong (e.g. sunlight, alcohol); severe
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk