father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
betterment; improvement; kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
commerce; trade; business
river management; river improvement; flood control
to concern; to be related
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
within the country; inside the county; domestic; home; internal
positive; assertive; active; proactive; aggressive
to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to come to grips with; to work hard on
wise ruler; enlightened monarch; benevolent lord
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
several; a few; number; quantity; counting; calculation; number
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
secretary (government); director; chief
to serve as; to act as; to fill (the position of); to play the role of; to be in charge of; to hold (a position)
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
producing (people) in great numbers; appearing one after the other
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
very fast; in a twinkle; before one's eyes
to go out of use; to become obsolete; to die out; to decline (e.g. of morals); to be lost; to go into decline (of a town, business, etc.)
happiness; blessedness; proving fortunate; yielding positive outcome; luckily; fortunately
for generations; from generation to generation; generation after generation; through the ages
(present) head of a family
though; although; notwithstanding; while; as; at the same time as
modest; reserved; quiet; frugal; simple; plain
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
territory; domain; dominion; possession
stripping (of rights, rank, etc.); deprivation; forfeit; revocation; divestiture
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
life circumstances; lifestyle; (family) finances
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)