hometown; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
beyond that point; after that
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
dear (old); fondly remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
scenery; scene; landscape
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
to spill; to fall out of; to peek through; to become visible (although normally not); to escape (of a smile, tear, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
way; method; means; resource; course
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
to overflow; to brim over; to flood
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
smell; scent; aura; whiff; faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
well, ...; right, ...; so; then; that way (would mean ...); if that is the case
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
royal capital; imperial capital
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound