home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
beyond that point; after that
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
dear (old); fondly-remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
scenery; scene; landscape
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
tear; tears; lachrymal secretion; sympathy
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
to spill; to fall out of; to peek through; to become visible (although normally not); to escape (of a smile, tear, etc.)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
way; method; means; resource; course
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
to overflow; to brim over; to flood
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
well then ...; in that situation; in which case
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
royal capital; imperial capital
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound