if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to add; to add up; to increase; to gather (e.g. speed); to include; to count in
small saucepan; small pot
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
cut end; edge (of a page, etc.); small amount; small quantity; beginning; clue
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
capsicum (Capsicum annuum, esp. the cultivated chili peppers); chili pepper (chile, chilli); cayenne; shichimi pepper
just a minute; small quantity
low flame (cooking); low heat; simmering
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
after a short time; in a short while; a short time later
circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
simmer; bubble out; flow out
to have gooseflesh (e.g. from cold or horror)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
with a pitter-patter; choked up (with emotion); heart-wringing; momentary tightening of one's chest caused by powerful feelings (e.g. parting with a loved one)
sweet and sour; bittersweet
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to throw into; to toss into
reception (telephone); listening (to a telephone)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to burst open; to split open; to be bursting with (e.g. youth, laughter, flavor); to bounce; to bound
eggs; egg; (hen's) egg; (an expert) in the making; beginning; origin
clothes; garment; gown; robe; coating (e.g. glaze, batter, icing)
(arch.) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south); (arch.) South-East Asia; (arch.) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies); exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style); (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm); nanban; dish prepared using chili peppers and Welsh onions