Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
the other day; a few days ago
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
document; official papers
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
royal castle; imperial castle
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
corridor; hallway; passageway
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
sudden; abrupt; unexpected; unforeseen
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
business; thing to be done; something that should be performed; information that should be conveyed
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
again; once more; a second time
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
heat; fever; temperature; zeal; passion
to wear (sword, decoration, etc.); to carry; to be entrusted (e.g. with a mission); to take on; to have a trace of; to be tinged with
softly; gently; stealthily; secretly; to leave alone; to leave as it is
to pin down; to hold down; to cover (esp. a part of one's body with one's hand); to clutch (a body part in pain); to get a hold of; to obtain
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet