how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
almost every day; almost daily
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
soft; tender; gentle; mild; informal; light
lovely; dear; beloved; pitiable; pathetic; piteous
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
considerably; fairly; quite
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
(social) position; status
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
that is to say; so that means
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to float; to become merry; to be cheerful; to become loose; to become unsteady; to feel out of it; to be cut off (e.g. from those around you)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally