Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
qualifications; requirements; capabilities
acquisition; obtaining; gaining possession; purchase
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
at leisure; in a relaxed manner; in a carefree manner; quietly; peacefully
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
life; living; I; me; student
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
war; battle; match; game; competition
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
overall victory; championship
fate; destiny (esp. as a mysterious force that binds two people together); relationship (e.g. between two people); bond; family ties; affinity; opportunity
suffix for familiar person
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to stick to; to cling to; to adhere to; to become intimate (of a man and woman); to get close; to get married
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally