as a child; when one was a child
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
princess; spoiled girl; hothouse flower; glue
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
very ordinary; mediocre; all-too-common; quite commonplace
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
imagination; supposition; guess
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to love; to cherish; to show favouritism to; to be partial to; to fondle; to caress
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
expectation; anticipation; hope; promising; rising; up-and-coming
to betray; to turn traitor to; to double-cross
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
sweet (e.g. young girls, flowers blooming); touchingly lovely; cute; pitiful; pitiable
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
honorific/polite/humble prefix
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to fall in love at first sight; (arch.) to see for the first time; (arch.) to meet for the first time; (arch.) to have sexual relations for the first time
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to tell; to (try to) persuade; to advise; to warn; to admonish; to reason
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
properly; accurately; exactly; neatly; tidily; orderly
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)