indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to sit (down); to have a seat; to be seated; to assume (a position); to take on (a duty); to occupy (a post)
to cock one's head in puzzlement; to tilt one's head in contemplation; to wrack one's brain; to think hard
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
several weeks; a few weeks
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to pass (of time); to elapse
just (now); quite (near); unintentionally; subconsciously
the other day; a few days ago
marriage ceremony; wedding; nuptials
fixed date; appointed day
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bring forward (e.g. by 3 hours); to advance; to hasten (e.g. one's death); to quicken (e.g. one's step); to speed up; to accelerate
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
busy; hectic; hurried; rapid; quick; sudden
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
low table; table with very short legs
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins); counter for portions of gyōza or soba; counter for ranks; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank; counter for fields or rice paddies; counter for palanquin bearers
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to line up; to set up; to enumerate; to itemize; to be equal (to); to compare well (with)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence