indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to shake; to sway; to waver
hill; height; knoll; bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game
loose; slack; gentle (slope, curve); slow (speed); lenient; liberal
ascent; uphill; upward slope; (gradual) upturn; increase
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to jump up and down; to hop
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
full bloom (esp. of cherry blossom); full blossom
to bloom; to flower; to blossom; to open
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
to bend; to flutter; to wave; to yield to; to be swayed by; to bow to
(I) will; (I) shall; let's; (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); hey
to make merry; to frolic; to be in high spirits
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
at one's feet; underfoot; gait; pace; most recent; current
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
such; like that; that sort of; very
the person in question; the person themselves; said person
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be tripped up; to be too drunk to stand
to fall down; to fall over; to turn out; to play out; to abandon Christianity (and convert to Buddhism); to apostatize
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis