indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
until now; so far; up to the present
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
in name only; figurehead; (only) by name
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.); opus; performance; production
video (esp. digital); video clip; animation; animated cartoon; in-betweens (animation)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
composition; piece of music; tune; melody; enjoyment; fun
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
in that way; thus; so; so?
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
name; given name; first name
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
of course; certainly; naturally
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
so; like this; in this way
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character