candidate; contender; prospect; candidacy; candidature; nomination
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
as much as one can; as much as possible; if at all possible
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
intently; single-mindedly; devotedly; solely; earnestly; with all one's heart
zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager
lesson; class work; teaching; instruction
to grapple with; to wrestle with; to engage in a bout; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to come to grips with; to work hard on
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
frantic; frenetic; inevitable death; brinkmate (inevitable checkmate)
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
surroundings; environs; circumference
to be handed down; to be introduced; to be transmitted; to be circulated; to go along; to walk along
hostel; dormitory; (arch.) bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryo system); (arch.) tea-ceremony room; (arch.) villa
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
beginning; start; first (in line, etc.); origin; such as ...; not to mention ...
sometime; someday; one day; some time or other; the other day; in due course
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
bunch of flowers; bouquet
technical book; specialized book; treatise
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)