to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
colonization; colonisation
circuitous; roundabout; indirect
tip of nose; before one's eyes; under one's nose; tip (of something)
Manji era (1658.7.23-1661.4.25)
to be ruined; to go under; to perish; to be destroyed
leadership skill; leadership ability
successive generations; successive emperors
unaffected and sincere, with fortitude and vigor (vigour)
to strive; to endeavour; to endeavor; to make an effort; to be zealous
life or death; existence; destiny
to think constantly about; to dwell on
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
accession to the throne; enthronement
inner palace (reserved for women); harem; seraglio; consort of the emperor
personal; individual; private
debt; loan; liabilities; borrowing money
to pile up; to heap up; to stack up; to repeat many times over; to go through repeatedly; to accumulate
Ardisia crenata; coralberry
to spend; to expend; to waste; to squander; to devote
public matter; governmental matter; prince; duke; lord; sir
property; fortune; means; assets
selling off; disposal by sale; sale
privatization; privatisation
to jump at; to be attracted by
to get in someone's pocket; to help oneself to someone's wallet; to curry favour (favor); to butter up; to get in close to one's opponent
point; tip; head (of a line); front; first; before; (the way) ahead
armory; armoury; arsenal; ordnance department
equipment; facilities; installation; accommodations; conveniences; arrangements
under control (e.g. of territory)
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
keeper of imperial archives; worker skilled in the brewing of sake or soy sauce
to flutter (in the wind); to wave; to turn over; to flip over; to suddenly change (attitude, opinion, etc.); to suddenly switch