again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pass (of time); to elapse
subject; theme; homework; assignment; task; challenge
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to finish; to end; to merely result in something less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
summer vacation; summer holiday
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
plate; dish; serving; helping; kanji radical 108 (at the bottom)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wash; to cleanse; to inquire into; to investigate; to purify (one's heart); to lave (e.g. shore)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
at present; currently; so far; for now; for the time being
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to arrive at; to reach; to sit on; to sit at (e.g. the table)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
tenth day of the month; ten days
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience