indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
now; the present time; just now; another; more
biggest; greatest; largest; maximum
pinch; tough spot; bind; clothespin; clothes peg
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to fall into (e.g. a hole); to fall into (chaos, depression, dilemma, illness, etc.); to fall into (a trap, etc.); to fall; to surrender
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
selfish; egoist; (arch.) self-indulgent; (arch.) wilful; (arch.) willful
what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called
marriage of convenience; marriage for political reasons
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to provide; to afford; to assign; to cause
counter for colours; color; colour; (outward) appearance; look; (facial) expression; face
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
slanted eyes; upturned eyes; eyes that are turned up at the outer corners
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
tough; hard; determined; strong-minded; strong (e.g. sunlight, alcohol); severe
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
audience (with a person of high standing); diameter of a tree trunk at eye level
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to part (usu. of people); to part from; to separate (of a couple); to break up; to lose (e.g. one's mother); to be bereaved
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
... years old; age (of) ...