indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
future; (future) prospects; bringing (from abroad, another region, etc.); bringing about; giving rise to
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be worried; to be troubled
route; course; path; one's future course (e.g. after graduating high school)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
trouble; troubles; worry; distress; sorrows; anguish
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
in the meanwhile; during the time
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
regrettable; disappointing; precious; dear; too good for; deserving better
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
part-time job; side job; part-time worker; albite
to miss (doing); to fail (to do); to do without
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
fullness; completeness; enhancement; improvement; replenishment; repletion
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...