indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nursemaid; nanny; babysitter; child-minding; babysitting
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
to feel like; to feel inclined to do
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to turn up; to make an appearance; to put in an appearance; to drop by
to come and stay; to drop in; to visit
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
of course; certainly; naturally
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
No Entry; No Trespassing; No Admittance; off-limits; restricted; forbidden
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
(one's) family; dependents; household; follower; retainer; underling
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
moving (location, with the times, etc.); change; metastasis; spread; transition (e.g. phase transition); transfer (of learning)
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
living thing; organism; creature; biology
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to keep someone from doing; to stop; to prevent; to check; to hinder; to obstruct
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
time; hour; period; class
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
labour; labor; effort; toil; trouble
futility; waste; uselessness; pointlessness; idleness