Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to repeat; to do something over again
circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
regular; ordinary (e.g. session of parliament); established usage; precedent; regular practice
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
party (gathering, celebration, etc.); party (group, political, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
father (esp. used in samurai families prior to the Meiji period)
holding (a conference, exhibition, etc.); opening; hosting (e.g. the Olympics)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn; to revolve; to visit several places; to function well; to pass a certain time
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
middle-age; middle age; midlife; one's middle years
leading aristocrat; great house; grand seigneur; boyar