indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(your) daughter; young woman
et cetera; etc.; and the like; the likes of; something like
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
astonished; shocked; amazed; astounded; aghast
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
royal castle; imperial castle
audience (with a superior, e.g. nobility)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents); disposal (e.g. weaponry); annulment; cancellation; reversal (of an original ruling)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to fire (gun, arrow, questions, etc.); to shoot; to set free; to release; to emit (e.g. light); to give off (e.g. a scent)
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to blaze; to burn brightly
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
violent; furious; extreme; intense; fervent; vehement
to throw into disorder; to disarrange; to disturb (order, peace, etc.); to corrupt (public morals); to dishevel (hair)
while; during; while; although; all; both
to ask; to enquire; to inquire; to search; to look for; to look into
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to love one another; to be affectionate towards each other; to have sex; to make love
amorous feelings; feeling of being in love