calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
salon; saloon; sarong; saron (instrument)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to unfold; to unroll; to open
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
your Highness; his Highness; her Highness
honorific/polite/humble prefix
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
mouthful; morsel; gulp; sip; one word; in short
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
easy; likely to ...; have a tendency to ...; easy to ...
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
performance of one's official duties
interval; break; pause; spare moment
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to present; to submit; to tender; to hold out
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to interpret; to understand
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch