indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be blessed with; to be rich in; to abound in
early summer; fourth month of the lunar calendar
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); cultivated land; field (of specialization); sphere; womb; birth
interval; break; pause; spare moment
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
glittering; sparkling; glistening; twinkling
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
to moisten; to wet; to profit; to enrich; to benefit
opposite side; other side; over there; that way; the other party; the other person
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
central part; heart (of a city)
each house; every house; many houses
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to light (a candle, lamp, etc.); to turn on (a light)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to overlook; to command a view of; to look down on; to despise; to look down on
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
(many) mountains; very much (wanting to do something one cannot); greatly; so many; a lot of
peak; summit; ridge; back of a blade
to dye; to colour; to color
madder red; dark red; crimson
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
slightly; lightly; thinly; faintly; dimly
to ascend; to go up; to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to go to (the capital); to be promoted; to add up to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
scenery; scene; landscape
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
near; nearby; not far off
middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart