indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to make a sound with one's throat; to purr (cat)
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
fantastic; magical; wondrous; whimsical; fairytale-like; romantic
scene; spectacle; sight; view
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
light; faint; pale; fleeting
evening glow; red sunset; afterglow (of sunset)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
background; scenery; background (of an incident, situation, etc.); circumstances; backing; support (from behind the scenes)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
(made of) stone; stone-built
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
to be lit (e.g. candle, lamp, light bulb); to be lighted; to be burning
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
mirror; looking-glass; barrel head; page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.; mirror-shaped mochi
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)
suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly
ripple (on water); wavelets; ripple (e.g. of uneasiness); unrest; disturbance
to pass (of time); to elapse
loose; slack; gentle (slope, curve); slow (speed); lenient; liberal
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to come to one's senses; to calm down
slope; slanting surface; bevel
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
to carry on one's back; to be burdened with; to take responsibility for; to have (something) in the background; to be in front (of something); to be conceited
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to