indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be frank with you; to tell you the truth; I'm going to lay my cards on the table
order of chivalry; chivalric order
leader of a delegation (body, party)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
childhood friend; friend from infancy; old playmate
cum (e.g. bedroom-cum-study); holding both roles (e.g. Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs); and; in addition; concurrently; at the same time
one arm; one's right-hand man; one's right hand
close friend; bosom friend; buddy; crony; chum
to notice; to become aware; to be scrupulous; to be attentive; to recover consciousness; to come to oneself
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
will; intent; desire; will; testament
follow; following (on social media, esp. Twitter); follow-up; following up; backing-up; covering for; follow-up shot
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
as a child; when one was a child; childhood
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
amiability; friendliness; fondness (of someone); affection; compliments; civilities
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
(social) standing; status; identity; birth; one's circumstances; one's means
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to draw close to; to edge up to; to snuggle up to; to nestle close to; to cuddle with; to draw closer to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
unpleasant feelings (e.g. hatred, disgust, revulsion, fear)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work