honorific/polite/humble prefix
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one's share; one's portion
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
education; schooling; training; culture; cultivation; education
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
a family; a household; (one's own) style; school; gang; (yakuza) family
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to do together; to share; to participate in
to reach the point where ...; to come to ...; to come to be that ...; to start to ...; to begin to ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
declining; refusal; rejection; announcement; notice
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
somewhere; in some respects; in some way
condition; state; health; state (of health); way; manner
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to refuse; to reject; to inform; to give notice; to ask leave; to excuse oneself (from)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
very; greatly; much; just about to; almost; very nearly
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any