continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
place; situation; position; location
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
prominent; leading; foremost; distinguished
fertile; rich; productive
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
on countless occasions; many a time
neighboring countries; neighbouring countries; surrounding countries
dispute; strife; quarrel; dissension; conflict; rivalry
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
wisdom; intellectual power; intelligence; mental capacity; brains
armed might; military power; the sword; force
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
to use; to make use of; to utilize; to utilise
those (near the second person)
to repel; to drive away; to repulse; to reject
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
people; men and women; each person; everybody
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
royal capital; imperial capital
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
centre; center; pivot; central nervous system
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wherein; therein; thereinto
important; momentous; essential; principal; major
position; location; base; point; site
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)