severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
meaning; significance; sense
to listen repeatedly; to listen again; to ask a question in return; to ask again; to ask for a repeated explanation
weak; frail; delicate; tender; unskilled; weak (wine)
so to speak; so to call it; as it were
blue; azure; green; pale; gray; unripe
to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
late summer; sixth month of the lunar calendar
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to look up at; to raise one's eyes; to look up to; to admire; to respect
retainer; subject; vassal; servant
to get help; to enlist aid
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to enrich; to make wealthy
development; growth; development (of a situation, story, etc.); advancement; playing around; having an active sex life
many; a lot; much; multitude
above anything else; above all; more than anything; best; greatest; excellent
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
something like ...; something called ...
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to compose (a Japanese poem); to write; to use as the theme of a poem; to recite (e.g. a poem); to chant; to intone
moat; fosse; canal; ditch
to memorize; to memorise; to recite from memory
section (i.e. of text); sentence; phrase; verse (of 5 or 7 mora in Japanese poetry; of 4, 5, or 7 characters in Chinese poetry); haiku; first 17 morae of a renga, etc.
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
circumference; girth; surroundings; neighbourhood; people surrounding oneself; surrounding circumstances
et cetera; etc.; and the like; and so forth
as many as one likes; as much as one likes; great many; plenty; almost (none); (not) much
change; alteration; substitute; rate of exchange
to be effective; to take effect; to work; to function well; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
so; like that; that's right; indeed; let me see...
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
admonition; remonstrance; expostulation
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
pardon; forgiveness; tolerance; leniency; mercy; going easy (on someone)