indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
one's nature; one's feelings; plain; unadorned; mere; poor
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
superior (in rank); top; higher order (e.g. byte); host computer (of connected device)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
interval; distance; suitable time; appropriate opportunity; distance between opponents (kendo)
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
effect; effectiveness; efficacy; effects (e.g. sound effects, visual effects, special effects)
composition; synthesis; composite photo; (function) composition
surroundings; environs; circumference
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
middle-distance (races); intermediate-range (missile)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
condition; assumption; intention; intent; premise (in logic)
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
system; lineage; corollary; system (range of strata that correspond to a particular time period); (taxonomical) series
use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation
concentration; thickness; density; cardinality
increase and decrease; fluctuation
various; varied; diverse; all sorts of
change; conversion; transformation; transformation
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; over; more than
weapon; arms; ordnance; weapon (something used to gain an advantage); asset
shield; buckler; escutcheon; pretext
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
ice; shaved ice (usually served with flavored simple syrup)
putting into operation; invocation
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
darkness; the dark; bewilderment; despair; hidden place; secrecy
iron (Fe); strong and hard (as iron); railway; railway enthusiast