at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
although; though; despite the fact that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
student (esp. a university student)
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
nodding off (while sitting); dozing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
master; Your lordship; My lord; husband
(one's) family; dependents; household; follower; retainer; underling
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
bustling; busy; crowded; lively (party, voices, etc.); loud; noisy
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
study; research; investigation
immersing oneself in; being absorbed in; devoting oneself to; giving oneself up entirely to
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
surfacing; rising to the surface; emerging; leaping into prominence; rising (of rank)
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to advance; to move forward; to carry forward (plans, work, etc.); to proceed with; to raise; to elevate