indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sharp (eyes, ears, etc.); keen; acute; sharp-witted; shrewd; clever
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
sudden; abrupt; unexpected; unforeseen
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
smell; scent; aura; whiff; faint, mist-like pattern along the temper line of a Japanese sword
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
thief; robber; burglar; bandit
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
otherwise; or else; if not
guilty (feeling, conscience, look, etc.); (feeling) uneasy
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to take refuge in; to succeed in running away
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to let (something or someone) go past; to do too much
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
some; any; please; anyway; anyhow
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
intruder; invader; trespasser; raider
territory; domain; field; area; domain; region
to invade; to raid; to infringe; to encroach; to harm; to afflict
unprepared; careless; imprudent; indiscreet
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
no matter (what, who, etc.); whether ... or ...; be
to drive away; to clear; to scatter; to disperse
in; at; on; as for; regarding; with regards to
dignity; majesty; solemnity; gravity
to keep; to preserve; to hold; to last; to endure; to keep well (food)
to follow (a road, path, etc.); to trace; to follow (a clue, scent, tracks, plot, etc.); to trace (a route, history, family tree, etc.); to head towards (of a situation); to go in the direction of
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
direction of travel; direction of movement
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
rustling; flapping; unkempt (hair, etc.); loose; dry; decisively
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
to jump up; to start up; to leap to one's feet; to fly away; to take off