falling from bicycle, motorcycle, etc. while driving (esp. in a race)
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
(present) head of a family
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
actor; actress; man of wits; clever person; cunning fellow
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
brush tip; first on a list; head; chief
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
family; relatives; dependents; household
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
state of things; state of affairs; condition; situation; circumstances
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
injustice; unfairness; wrongdoing; iniquity; impropriety; irregularity
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
insurrection; mutiny; rebellion; revolt; uprising
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to prevent; to take precautions
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak
public safety; public welfare
division (of a larger group); branch; field; class (subclass); group; category
to rule; to govern; to administer
to include (in a group or scope); to instruct; to make one understand; to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication); to put in (someone's) mouth
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
unification; bringing together; generalization; control; supervision
person; -er; (arch.) expert; (arch.) geisha; (arch.) prostitute
to also be (implies that as well as the earlier stated this is also the case); to be ... or something
to go in the direction of; to proceed toward; to become; to face (facts, circumstances, etc.); (arch.) to abide by; (arch.) to agree to