indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
being in charge of (esp. a class or subject); taking charge of; class teacher; homeroom teacher; form teacher
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
through; throughout; in the course of; all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
proximity; nearness; soon; nearby
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
entertainer (esp. boy band or girl group member) whose image is manufactured to cultivate a dedicated consumer fan following; Japanese idol; (cultural) icon; idol; idol (object of worship); image
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
descent (to earth, esp. of a god); advent; epiphany; arrival (of an important person); appearance
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to become excited; to grow lively
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
in that way; thus; so; so?
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
naturally; of course; understandably
educational institution; school; academy; campus
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...