country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
royal capital; imperial capital
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
one night; all night; overnight; one evening
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
name; given name; first name
street; road; traffic; coming and going; flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; transmission (of sound)
suddenly; all of a sudden; unexpectedly
appearance; emergence; advent; arrival; showing up; coming to existence
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
making (a report, plan, contract, etc.); drawing up; writing out; preparing; creating (a file, website, account, etc.)
(one's) master; (one's) employer; leader (of a country, group, etc.); head; Lord; main thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue (someone); to save; to help (out of a difficulty); to save (spiritually); to redeem (from sin); to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to go uninvited; to call on without an invitation; to barge in on; to throng to; to crowd into; to converge upon
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
in one's own way or style
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it