year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
January; first month of the lunar calendar
sixth day of the month; six days
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
carelessly; thoughtlessly; inadvertently
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be reminded of; to call to mind
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
consequence; outcome; result; blame
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
clear; clearing (a bar, hurdle, etc.); overcoming; getting through; clearing (the ball); clearing (e.g. a checked box)
commemoration; celebration; honoring the memory of something; turning something into a memento; memory
to congratulate; to celebrate
another time; again; over again; formally; especially; intentionally
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
meeting up; gathering; assembly; set
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
courtesy car (e.g. at a hotel)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
mum; mom; mummy; the missus
to (call and) stop; to call (someone) to stop; to hail (e.g. a taxi)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
(following a verb) to be sure to; to do (something) so that ...; to make sure to; to try to
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
suffix for familiar person
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
(one's) older brother; lad; sonny
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on