cavern; cave; cave system; grotto
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to throw; to fling; to hurl; to neglect; to abandon; to leave alone
glossy black hair; green hair
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to pick up; to find; to gather
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
vigilance; caution; alertness; precaution; being on guard
to retreat; to back off; to draw back; to step back; to shrink away
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
older brother; elder brother
first of all; at once; right away; for now; for the time being
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
to leave alone; to leave as is; to ignore; to neglect
single word; a few words; brief comment
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to talk; to chat; to chatter
moving about; stirring about
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
focus (e.g. photographic); focal point
to come together; to merge; to fit; to match; to be profitable; to be equitable
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to stand (still) a while; to loiter; to stop
absurd; unreasonable; extreme; senseless; disorderly; chaotic
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to shine in (light); to illuminate
to step on; to tread on; to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil); to stand on; to experience; to undergo; to follow (rules, principles, etc.)
light; well-lit; bright (of a colour); brightly-coloured; cheerful; bright; encouraging (for the future of a project, etc.)
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else