messenger; envoy; emissary
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to drive away; to turn away; to send away; to repel; to repulse
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
walking; strolling; roaming; wandering; exploring
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
to overlook; to command a view of; to look down on; to despise; to look down on
small hill; low hill; hillock
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to apologize; to apologise
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
natural; right; proper; naturally; as a matter of course; rightly
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to regain one's breath; to catch one's breath
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
how many times; how many degrees (temperature, angle, etc.)
damn; damn it; feces; excrement; damn; damned; very
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
denouncing; calling (e.g. somebody a thief); branding (as)
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize